Internet security: common threats
To maintain your privacy and security online, it is important to be aware of the different types of online attacks. Below are common online security threats.
Phishing
Phishing is a cyberattack using fake emails. Attackers try to deceive email recipients by convincing them that the message is authentic and relevant. For example, they disguise emails as requests from the bank or messages from colleagues to make users click on links or open attachments. The goal of the attack is to trick users into disclosing personal information or downloading malware.
Phishing is one of the oldest threats to Internet security, dating back to the 1990s. It remains popular today as it is one of the cheapest and easiest ways to steal information. In recent years, phishing messages and methods have become increasingly sophisticated.
Hacking and remote access
Attackers are always looking to exploit the vulnerability of a private network or system to steal confidential information and data. Remote access technology provides additional opportunities. Remote access software allows users to access and control a computer remotely. Its use has increased significantly during the pandemic, with more and more people working remotely.
Malware and malvertising
The term malware covers all programs: viruses, worms, trojans, and others that attackers use to cause harm and steal confidential information. Any software designed to damage a computer, server, or network can be considered malware.
The term “malicious advertising” defines online advertising that distributes malware. Online advertising is a complex ecosystem that includes advertiser websites, ad exchanges, ad servers, retargeting networks, and content delivery networks. Attackers exploit this complexity to place malicious code where advertisers and ad networks cannot always detect it. Users who interact with malicious ads can download malware to their device or go to malicious websites.
Ransomware
Ransomware is malicious software that blocks the use of a computer or access to certain files on a computer until a ransom is paid. They are often distributed as Trojans – malicious programs disguised as legitimate programs. Once installed, the ransomware locks the system screen or certain files until the attackers receive the ransom.
Botnets
The term botnet refers to a network of computers specifically infected with malware to perform automatic tasks on the Internet without the permission or knowledge of the owners of those computers.
When a computer is controlled by a botnet, it can be used to perform malicious activities. These include:
- Creating fake Internet traffic on third-party websites for profit;
- Using a computer to participate in distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks that cause websites to malfunction;
- Sending spam to millions of Internet users;
- Committing fraud and stealing personal data.